Category: Immunoassays

Reference: ARG80655
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After removal of the precursor signal peptide, proinsulin is post-translationally cleaved into three peptides: the B chain and A chain peptides, which are covalently linked via two disulfide bonds to form insulin, and...
Reference: ARG80658
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This gene encodes the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin. This secreted hormone is a growth regulator for many tissues, including cells of the immune system. It may also play a role in cell survival by suppressing...
Reference: ARG80660
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This gene encodes the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin. This secreted hormone is a growth regulator for many tissues, including cells of the immune system. It may also play a role in cell survival by suppressing...
Reference: ARG80663
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The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits...
Reference: ARG80664
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The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits...
Reference: ARG80683
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This gene is expressed in adipose tissue exclusively. It encodes a protein with similarity to collagens X and VIII and complement factor C1q. The encoded protein circulates in the plasma and is involved with metabolic...
Reference: ARG80702
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This gene encodes a member of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family of proteins that promote growth and development during fetal and postnatal life. This gene is predominantly expressed in the liver and the...
Reference: ARG80704
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This gene is a member of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) family and encodes a protein with an IGFBP domain and a thyroglobulin type-I domain. The protein forms a ternary complex with...
Reference: ARG80756
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Due to this organ-specificity, concentrations of NSE in serum or, more commonly, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), are often elevated in diseases which result in relative rapid (hours/days to weeks, rather than months to...
Reference: ARG80762
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Serpin E1 is a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) superfamily. This member is the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), and hence is an inhibitor of...
Reference: ARG80774
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The existence of IgE in man as a unique class of immunoglobulins which are important in the mediation of the allergic response has been known for over twenty years. The mechanism of action involves an initial...
Reference: ARG80775
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Vitamin D is the generic term used to designate Vitamin D2 or ergocalciferol and Vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol. Humans naturally produce Vitamin D3 when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet sun rays. In the liver...
Reference: ARG80776
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Calcitonin (CT) is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by the para-follicular C-cells of the thyroid gland under serum calcium control. After acute administration, this peptide acts as a potent hypocalcemic and...
Reference: ARG80779
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PTH (Parathyroid hormone, Parathormone, Parathyrin) is biosynthesized in the parathyroid gland as a pre-proparathyroid hormone, a larger molecular precursor consisting of 115 amino acids. Following sequential...
Reference: ARG80782
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Insulin is synthesized in the pancreatic beta cells as a 6000 MW component of an 86 amino acid polypeptide called proinsulin. Proinsulin is subsequently cleaved enzymatically, releasing insulin into the circulation...
Reference: ARG80784
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PAPP-A is a protein produced by the developing placenta. Its concentration in the maternal blood increases rapidly after the 7th week of pregnancy. The measurement of PAPP-A in the first trimester of pregnancy has...
Reference: ARG80785
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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone normally produced by placenta during pregnancy. The hormone is present in blood and urine around seven to thirteen days following implantation of the...
Reference: ARG80788
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Almond (Prunus dulcis) belongs to the rosaceae. With 25 % the fraction of proteins in almond is high. Some of these proteins are known for being aller­genic. In addition to profilin which is known to be cross-reactive...
Reference: ARG80789
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Bovine milk belongs to the most important allergenic food ingredients especially for children. Already very low amounts of bovine milk can cause allergic reactions, which may lead to anaphylactic shock in severe...
Reference: ARG80790
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Bovine milk belongs to the most important allergenic food ingredients especially for children. Already very low amounts of bovine milk can cause allergic reactions, which may lead to anaphylactic shock in severe...
Reference: ARG80791
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The Cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) belongs to the family of Anacardiaceae. With about 18% the fraction of proteins in cashew seed is very high. Some of these proteins, like the vicilin Ana o 1, the legumin Ana o...
Reference: ARG80792
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Due to its outstanding antibacterial properties, chlor­amphenicol is an often used antibiotic in the pro­duc­tion of milk, meat and eggs. In humans it leads to haema­to­toxic side effects, like the chlor­am­phe­ni­col...
Reference: ARG80793
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Not only by reason of their cross-reactivity to house dust mites crustaceans represent an important group of food allergens. In this regard tropomyosin, which can be found in all common crustacean species, is the most...
Reference: ARG80795
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Deoxynivalenol (DON, Vomitoxin) in addition to zearalenone, fumonisines and other trichothecenes belongs to the fusarium toxins. These toxins are already produced on the field in consequence of a contact of the...
Reference: ARG80796
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Hen’s egg (Gallus gallus) is very rich of proteins and represents an important food source for humans. While proteins of egg yolk only have minor allergenicity, many proteins of egg white are known to be allergenic....
Reference: ARG80797
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Fishes belong to the most frequent elicitors of food allergies. The allergies are predominantly induced by the low-molecular, calcium-binding muscle protein parvalbumin. The protein is characterized by its high heat...
Reference: ARG80798
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Folates play an important role in the synthesis of nucleic acids and some amino acids and gained re­cently increased interest because they belong to the group of antioxidative vitamins. In the last years the...
Reference: ARG80800
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Fumonisin in addition to zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and other trichothecenes belongs to the fusarium toxins. These toxins are already produced on the field in consequence of a contact of the cereals by fusarium...
Reference: ARG80801
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Gluten is the main part of the protein fraction of cere­als and consists of nearly the equal amount of the pro­tein compounds prolamin (gliadin) and glutenin. Be­cause of its special physico-chemical attributes and...
Reference: ARG80802
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Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) belongs to the birch plants. With 13 % the fraction of proteins in hazel-nuts is high. Many of these proteins are known for being aller­genic, such as Cor a 9 and Cor a 11. Most of them are...
Reference: ARG80803
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Fish meal that has been produced from materials which has been allowed to degrade prior to being processed can contain high levels of histamine and can be toxic. Elevated histamine levels (1,000 ppm) can cause gizzard...
Reference: ARG80804
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Lupin belongs to the legume family. With about 35-45% the fraction of proteins in lupin seed is very high. Some of these proteins, predominantly those in the alpha, beta and gamma-Conglutin fractions are known for...
Reference: ARG80805
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Hen’s egg (Gallus gallus) is very rich of proteins and represents an important food source for humans. While proteins of egg yolk only have minor allergenicity, many proteins of egg white are known to be allergenic....
Reference: ARG80806
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Bovine milk belongs to the most important allergenic food ingredients especially for children. Already very low amounts of bovine milk can cause allergic reactions, which may lead to anaphylactic shock in severe...
Reference: ARG80807
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Mustard belongs to the Brassica plants. With about 30-35% the fraction of proteins in mustard seed is very high. Some of these proteins are known for being aller­genic, such as Sin a 1 and Bra j 1. These proteins are...
Reference: ARG80808
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Hen’s egg (Gallus gallus) is very rich of proteins and represents an important food source for humans. While proteins of egg yolk only have minor allergenicity, many proteins of egg white are known to be allergenic....
Reference: ARG80809
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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) belongs to the legumes. With 25 % the fraction of proteins in peanuts is very high. Many of these proteins are known for being aller­genic, such as Arachins and Conarachins which are...
Reference: ARG80810
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Penicillin was accidentally detected by Alexander Fleming in 1929. The drug belongs to the mycotoxins and is generated by the mould Penicillium chry­sogenum. Penicillin as an antibiotic is preferentially used in the...
Reference: ARG80811
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Pistachio (Pistacia vera) belongs to the family of Anacardiaceae. With about 21% the fraction of proteins in pistachio seed is very high. Some of these proteins, like the 2S albumin Pis v 1, the 11S globulin Pis v 2...
Reference: ARG80812
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Sesame belongs to the family of Pedaliaceae. With about 16-32% the fraction of proteins in sesame seed is very high. Some of these proteins, like the albumins Ses i 1 and Ses i 2 or the globulin Ses i 3 are known for...
Reference: ARG80813
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Soy (Glycine max) belongs to the legumes. With 39% the fraction of proteins in soy beans is very high. Many of these proteins are known for being allergenic, such as Gly m1, Glycinin, Kunitz-Trypsin-Inhibitor and Gly...
Reference: ARG80814
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Streptomycin consists of three components, which are linked together by glycoside bonds, and it belongs to the group of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. Streptomycin is naturally produced by the actinobac­terium...
Reference: ARG80816
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Vitamin B12 as a trace element belongs to the biologi­cally important chelate formers. The basic unit con­sists of a corrin ring with cobalt as a central atom. Cobalt is sixfold coordinated by four nitrogen atoms, one...
Reference: ARG80817
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Biotin serves as the prosthetic group of enzymes, which catalyze carboxylations in the organism. For this purpose, biotin is bound via its carboxy group to lysin residues of carboxylases, and the transfer of carbon...
Reference: ARG80818
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Walnut (Juglans regia) belongs to the walnut plants (Juglandaceae). With 15% the fraction of proteins in walnuts is high. Some of these proteins are known for being allergenic, such as rJug r 1 and rJug r 4. Many of...
Reference: ARG80820
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Zearalenone in addition to fumonisin, deoxynivalenol and other trichothecenes belongs to the fusarium toxins. These toxins are already produced on the field in consequence of a contact of the cereals by fusarium...
Reference: ARG80822
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Incompatibility reactions against food may cause various symptoms in the human organism and this disturbance is manifested in the immune system by the formation of specific IgE, IgG or IgG4 antibodies. Statistics...
Reference: ARG80823
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Adiponectin is a 30kDa protein which percentage in serum proteins is 0.01%. It is mainly synthesized by Adipocytes, but also muscle cells and hepatocytes have the ability to synthesize Adiponectin. Until now, IGF-I is...
Reference: ARG80824
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hGH is a polypeptide hormone (molecular weight 21,500 Da) produced by the acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary under the control of two main substances from the median eminence : Growth-hormone Releasing Factor...
Reference: ARG80825
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Erythropoietin (EPO) is a heavily glycosylated protein with a molecular weight of about 30,000 - 34,000 Daltons. Human EPO is a polypeptide consisting of 165 amino acids, containing one O-linked and three N-linked...
Reference: ARG80828
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Biological activities Human interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a 19 kDA lymphokine produced by T helper lymphocytes,by monocytes, macrophages and B-lymphocytes. IL-10 was first characterized as a cytokine synthesis inhibitory...
Reference: ARG80831
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Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is a recently discovered single-chain proteohormone with a molecular weight of 16 kD, which is thought to play a key role in the regulation of body weight. Its amino acid sequence...
Reference: ARG80834
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The steroid hormone Androstenedione is one of the main androgens, besides Testosterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone. Testosterone, the most important biological active androgen, is derived from peripheral enzymatic...
Reference: ARG80837
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Dehydroepiandrosterone (5-Androstene-3 beta-oL-17-one, Androstenolone, Dehydroisoandrosterone, Transdehydroandrosterone, DHEA) is a steroid hormone present in blood mostly in its sulfate form (DHEA-S). DHEA-S is a...
Reference: ARG80838
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5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a steroid similar to testosterone and androstenedione, which belong to a class called androgens. DHT is a C19 steroid and possesses androgenic activity. The bulk of androgen...
Reference: ARG80840
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Estradiol (1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17β-diol; 17β-estradiol; E2) is a C18 steroid hormone with a phenolic A ring. This steroid hormone has a molecular weight of 272.4. It is the most potent natural Estrogen, produced...
Reference: ARG80841
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Estriol (also oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body. It is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the fetus. During pregnancy the production of...
Reference: ARG80842
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Estriol (E3) is the major estrogen formed by the fetoplacental unit during pregnancy. Unconjugated E3 passes through the placenta into the maternal circulation, where it is rapidly converted into glucuronide and...
Reference: ARG80843
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Estrone (3-hydroxy-1,3,5 (10)-estratrien-17-one) is beside estradiol and estriol one of the three major naturally occuring estrogens. The estrogens are involved in the development of female sex organs and secondary...
Reference: ARG80844
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Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) are intimately involved in the control of the growth and reproductive activities of the gonadal tissues, which synthesize and secrete male and female sex...
Reference: ARG80845
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hCG alpha: The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers consisting of alpha and beta...
Reference: ARG80846
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the somatotropin/prolactin family of hormones and plays an important role in growth control. The gene is located at the growth hormone locus on chromosome 17 along with...
Reference: ARG80850
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This gene is a member of the glycoprotein hormone beta chain family and encodes the beta subunit of luteinizing hormone (LH). Glycoprotein hormones are heterodimers consisting of a common alpha subunit and an unique...
Reference: ARG80852
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Human prolactin (lactogenic hormone) is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland in both men and women. Human prolactin is a single chain polypeptide hormone with a molecular weight of approximately 23.000 daltons....
Reference: ARG80853
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Sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a B-globulin that specifically binds steroid hormones. The major site of SHBG synthesis is thought to be the hepatocytes. Its production is regulated by androgen/estrogen...
Reference: ARG80854
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Testosterone (17β-hydroxy-4-androstene-3-one) is a C19 steroid with an unsaturated bond between C-4 and C-5, a ketone group in C-3 and a hydroxyl group in the β position at C-17. This steroid hormone has a molecular...
Reference: ARG80855
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Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. Testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries of females although small amounts are secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the...
Reference: ARG80856
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17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) is a 21-carbon steroid produced by adrenals, ovaries, testes and placenta. 17OHP is the metabolite of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprognenolone, and is a precursor to cortisol. Serum...
Reference: ARG80858
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Androstenedione (also known as 4-androstenedione) is a 19-carbon steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and the gonads as an intermediate step in the biochemical pathway that produces the androgen testosterone...
Reference: ARG80859
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The morning peak always appears during the first 2 hours after the regular wake-up time. During the day the Cortisol concentration decreases and in the evening we can see very low values. This test is especially...
Reference: ARG80861
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In order to avoid arbitrary results we highly are recommending to always take 5 samples during a 2 hour period and measure the average value of the mixture.In case of adult women we are recommending to do the sampling...
Reference: ARG80862
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Estriol (also Oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body. It is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the fetus. During pregnancy the production of...
Reference: ARG80866
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Secretory IgA (sIgA) is the main immunoglobulin present on mucosal surfaces. Ca. 90% of sIgA is produced locally and does not penetrate into blood circulation. sIgA is considerably different from serum IgA, as this...
Reference: ARG80867
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Measurement of testosterone is used in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders involving the male sex hormones (androgens), including primary and secondary hypogonadism, delayed or precocious puberty, impotence in...
Reference: ARG80868
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The protein encoded by this gene is the fifth component of complement, which plays an important role in inflammatory and cell killing processes. This protein is comprised of alpha and beta polypeptide chains that are...
Reference: ARG80869
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Calprotectin is a 24 kDa dimer of calcium binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9. The complex accounts for up to 60% of the soluble protein content of the neutrophil cytosol. In vitro studies show that calprotectin has...
Reference: ARG80870
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C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein, produced exclusively in the liver. Interleukin-6 is the mediator for the synthesis by the hepatocytes of CRP, a pentamer of approximately 120.000 Daltons. CRP is...
Reference: ARG80876
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C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein, produced exclusively in the liver. Interleukin-6 is the mediator for the synthesis by the hepatocytes of CRP, a pentamer of approximately 120.000 Daltons. CRP is...
Reference: ARG80878
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Neopterin is a low molecular weight molecule belonging to the chemical group known as pteridines. It is synthesised by cellular immune reaction of macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation with the cytokine...
Reference: ARG80882
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This kit measures PRA and the results are expressed in terms of mass of angiotensin-I (Ang-I) generated per volume of human plasma in unit time (ng/mL.h). Measurement of PRA is important for the clinical evaluation...
Reference: ARG80884
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Renin is an enzyme (Mw of 37 kDa) that belongs to the aspartic acid protease family. Renin is a member of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) that controls blood pressure, renal blood flux, glomerular...
Reference: ARG80892
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Thyroid disorders are the most prevalent of all autoimmune diseases. Thyroid autoimmune diseases are associated with the occurrence of differentiated autoantibodies and are thought to be related to a genetical...
Reference: ARG80893
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Thyroid disorders are the most prevalent of all autoimmune diseases. Thyroid autoimmune diseases are associated with the occurrence of differentiated autoantibodies and are thought to be related to a genetical...
Reference: ARG80894
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Measurement of the serum concentration of thyrotropin (TSH), a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 28,000 daltons and secreted from the anterior pituitary, is generally regarded as the most sensitive indicator...
Reference: ARG80896
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CA 72-4 (Cancer antigen 72-4) was originally described as an antigenic determinant recognized by B 72.3, a murine monoclonal antibody raised against a membrane extract of mama carcinoma metastases. CA 72-4 was...
Reference: ARG80897
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CYFRA 21-1 is a fragment of cytokeratin 19. Although expressed in all body tissues its major occurrence is in the lung, particulary in lung cancer tissues. The major diagnostic importance of CYFRA 21-1 as a tumor...
Reference: ARG80900
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α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH; α-MSH), also known as alpha-melanotropin, alpha-melanocortin, or alpha-intermedin, is a naturally occurring endogenous peptide hormone of the melanocortin family, with a...
Reference: ARG80902
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Defensins are 2-6 kDa, cationic, microbicidal peptides active against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses [PMID: 8528769], containing three pairs of intramolecular disulphide...
Reference: ARG80903
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Defensins form a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. Beta Defensin 2 is an antibiotic peptide which is locally...
Reference: ARG80904
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Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, synthesized primarily as transmembrane precursors. The precursor form of BTC are processed to mature molecules by proteolytic events. The mature...
Reference: ARG80905
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Defensins form a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. Beta Defensin 1 is an antimicrobial peptide implicated in the...
Reference: ARG80906
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CCL3 protein also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), is a small inducible cytokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. It plays a role in inflammatory responses through binding...
Reference: ARG80907
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The IL-5 gene is located on chromosome 11 in the mouse, and chromosome 5 in humans, in close proximity to the genes encoding IL-3, IL-4, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are often...

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