(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate

Potent anticancer compound. Anti-angiogenic. VEGF, VE-cadherin phosphorylation, matrix metalloproteinase and urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPA) inhibitor. Anti-inflammatory. NF-kappaB inhibitor. Modulates chronic inflammatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease. COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS II) inhibitor. Potent antioxidant. Protects cells from lipid peroxidation and DNA damage induced by reactive free radicals. Regulates cancer cell growth, proliferation, transformation, survival, angiogenesis, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Chemopreventive. Apoptosis inducer. Promotes cell cycle arrest. Modulates signal transduction pathways including JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, Wnt and Notch. EGFR and HER-2 receptor signaling inhibitor. MAPKs and activator protein-1 inhibitor. mTOR suppressor. IGF-I signaling inhibitor. Proteasome inhibitor. Telomerase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Selective and noncompetitive HAT inhibitor. Topoisomerase I and II inhibitor. Hedgehog signaling (Hh) modulator. PTCH and Gli1 inhibitor. Wnt signaling inhibitor. Neuroprotective. Activates HO-1 by the ARE/Nrf2 pathway, protecting neurons against oxidative damage. STAT-1 inhibitor. Shows preventive cardiovascular and metabolic (obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia) effects. Inhibits extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK), activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), modulates adipocyte marker proteins and down-regulates lipogenic enzymes as well as other potential targets. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) inhibitor. Autophagy stimulator.