Category: Primary antibodies

Reference: GRP2
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This gene encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. Although this protein was earlier thought to be a receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), it is now considered to be an orphan receptor,...
Reference: GRP3
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This gene encodes an integral outer mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks the apoptotic death of some cells such as lymphocytes. Constitutive expression of BCL2, such as in the case of translocation of BCL2 to Ig...
Reference: GRP5
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This gene belongs to the forkhead family of transcription factors which are characterized by a distinct forkhead domain. This gene likely functions as a trigger for apoptosis through expression of genes necessary for...
Reference: GRP6
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This gene encodes a member of the forkhead class of DNA-binding proteins. These hepatocyte nuclear factors are transcriptional activators for liver-specific transcripts such as albumin and transthyretin, and they also...
Reference: GRP7
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This gene is a classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is a calcium dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and...
Reference: GRP8
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family. RAD51 family members are highly similar to bacterial RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51, and are known to be involved in the homologous...
Reference: GRP9
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This gene is a target gene of the transcription factor tumor protein p53. The encoded protein is a nuclear phosphoprotein that binds and inhibits transactivation by tumor protein p53, as part of an autoregulatory...
Reference: GRP10
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Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as...
Reference: GRP11
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The protein encoded by this gene is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and was the first tumor suppressor gene found. The encoded protein also stabilizes constitutive heterochromatin to maintain the overall...
Reference: GRP12
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This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation...
Reference: GRP13
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Along with the microfilaments (actins) and microtubules (tubulins), the intermediate filaments represent a third class of well-characterized cytoskeletal elements. The subunits display a tissue-specific pattern of...
Reference: GRP14
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This gene encodes a member of the mucin protein family. Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins produced by many epithelial tissues. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and forms an insoluble mucous...
Reference: GRP15
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This gene encodes a multifunctional protein that binds ubiquitin and regulates activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) signaling pathway. The protein functions as a scaffolding/adaptor protein in concert with...
Reference: GRP16
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This gene is a member of the EPO/TPO family and encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The protein is found in the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting...
Reference: GRP17
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The protein encoded by this gene is an antagonist of angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) and endothelial TEK tyrosine kinase (TIE-2, TEK). The encoded protein disrupts the vascular remodeling ability of ANGPT1 and may induce...
Reference: GRP18
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Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome predisposing to a variety of malignant and benign tumors. A germline mutation of this gene is the basis of familial inheritance of...
Reference: GRP19
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Heme oxygenase, an essential enzyme in heme catabolism, cleaves heme to form biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase, and carbon monoxide, a putative neurotransmitter. Heme...
Reference: GRP20
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The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor and contains an N-terminal POZ domain. This protein acts as a sequence-specific repressor of transcription, and has been shown to modulate the...
Reference: GRP21
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The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the conversion of L-lactate and NAD to pyruvate and NADH in the final step of anaerobic glycolysis. The protein is found predominantly in muscle tissue and belongs to the...
Reference: GRP22
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Beta-catenin is an adherens junction protein. Adherens junctions (AJs; also called the zonula adherens) are critical for the establishment and maintenance of epithelial layers, such as those lining organ surfaces. AJs...
Reference: GRP23
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Transcription factor which acts as both an activator and repressor. Binds the CACCC core sequence. Binds to multiple sites in the 5'-flanking region of its own gene and can activate its own transcription. Required for...
Reference: GRP24
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The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinases. These kinases mediate cellular responses to stresses such as DNA damage and nutrient deprivation. This protein acts...
Reference: GRP25
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The protein encoded by this gene is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) and can also interact with other ligands, such...
Reference: GRP26
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This gene encodes a member of the p53 family of transcription factors. An animal model, p63 -/- mice, has been useful in defining the role this protein plays in the development and maintenance of stratified epithelial...
Reference: GRP27
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Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex...
Reference: GRP28
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This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family and encodes a protein that is often found as a disulfide linked homodimer. This protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells...
Reference: GRP29
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Plasminogen (PLG) is a circulating zymogen that is converted to the active enzyme plasmin by cleavage of the peptide bond between arg560 and val561, which is mediated by urokinase (PLAU; MIM 191840) and tissue...
Reference: GRP30
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This gene encodes tumor protein p53, which responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate target genes that induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. p53 protein is...
Reference: GRP31
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This gene encodes the pro-alpha2 chain of type I collagen whose triple helix comprises two alpha1 chains and one alpha2 chain. Type I is a fibril-forming collagen found in most connective tissues and is abundant in...
Reference: GRP32
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This gene encodes the pro-alpha1 chains of type III collagen, a fibrillar collagen that is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, uterus, intestine and the vascular system, frequently in...
Reference: GRP33
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This gene encodes a member of the Kruppel-like factor subfamily of zinc finger proteins. Since the protein localizes to the nucleus and binds the epidermal growth factor response element, it is thought to be a...
Reference: GRP34
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Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as...
Reference: GRP35
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Involved in the costimulatory signal, essential for T-cell proliferation and production of IL10 and IFNG, in an IL2-dependent and a PDCD1-independent manner. Interaction with PDCD1 inhibits T-cell proliferation and...
Reference: GRP36
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This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that...
Reference: GRP37
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This gene encodes an extracellular matrix protein, which belongs to the fibulin family. This protein binds various extracellular ligands and calcium. It may play a role during organ development, in particular, during...
Reference: GRP38
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ZEB1 encodes a zinc finger transcription factor that represses T-lymphocyte-specific IL2 gene (MIM 147680) expression by binding to a negative regulatory domain 100 nucleotides 5-prime of the IL2 transcription start...
Reference: GRP39
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This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding...
Reference: GRP40
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The enzyme encoded by this gene is responsible for the catalysis and formation of S-lactoyl-glutathione from methylglyoxal condensation and reduced glutatione. Glyoxalase I is linked to HLA and is localized to...
Reference: GRP41
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This gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family and encodes a multi-pass membrane protein that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. The protein binds estrogen, resulting in intracellular calcium...
Reference: GRP42
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This is an N-ras oncogene encoding a membrane protein that shuttles between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. This shuttling is regulated through palmitoylation and depalmitoylation by the ZDHHC9-GOLGA7...
Reference: GRP43
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The protein encoded by this gene is an enzymatic component of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, or Krebs cycle, and catalyzes the formation of L-malate from fumarate. It exists in both a cytosolic form and an...
Reference: GRP44
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of a family of proteins that inhibits apoptosis by binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2, probably by interfering with activation of...
Reference: GRP45
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This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its...
Reference: GRP46
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This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as...
Reference: GRP47
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The serine-threonine protein kinase encoded by the AKT1 gene is catalytically inactive in serum-starved primary and immortalized fibroblasts. AKT1 and the related AKT2 are activated by platelet-derived growth factor....
Reference: GRP48
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This gene encodes a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive...
Reference: GRP49
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This gene encodes the pro-alpha1 chains of type III collagen, a fibrillar collagen that is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, uterus, intestine and the vascular system, frequently in...
Reference: GRP51
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This gene encodes apolipoprotein A-I, which is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. The protein promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion, and it is a...
Reference: GRP52
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This gene encodes the pro-alpha1 chains of type I collagen whose triple helix comprises two alpha1 chains and one alpha2 chain. Type I is a fibril-forming collagen found in most connective tissues and is abundant in...
Reference: GRP53
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This gene encodes fibronectin, a glycoprotein present in a soluble dimeric form in plasma, and in a dimeric or multimeric form at the cell surface and in extracellular matrix. Fibronectin is involved in cell adhesion...
Reference: GRP54
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This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation...
Reference: GRP55
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This gene encodes a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activity of cyclin-CDK2 or -CDK4 complexes, and thus functions as a regulator of cell cycle progression at...
Reference: GRP56
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This gene encodes a member of the Smad family of signal transduction proteins. Smad proteins are phosphorylated and activated by transmembrane serine-threonine receptor kinases in response to TGF-beta signaling. The...
Reference: GRP57
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and...
Reference: GRP59
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Binds to DNA sequences containing the consensus nucleotide core sequence GGAA.
Reference: GRP60
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Fibrinogen-like 1 is a member of the fibrinogen family. This protein is homologous to the carboxy terminus of the fibrinogen beta- and gamma- subunits which contains the four conserved cysteines of fibrinogens and...
Reference: GRP61
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The serine-threonine protein kinase encoded by the AKT1 gene is catalytically inactive in serum-starved primary and immortalized fibroblasts. AKT1 and the related AKT2 are activated by platelet-derived growth factor....
Reference: GRP62
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Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed in double-membrane structures called autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes or vacuoles for...
Reference: GRP63
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Dioxygenase that specifically binds methylcytosine (5mC), a minor base in mammalian DNA found in repetitive DNA elements that is crucial for retrotransposon silencing and mammalian development. Catalyzes the...
Reference: GRP64
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Dioxygenase that specifically binds methylcytosine (5mC), a minor base in mammalian DNA found in repetitive DNA elements that is crucial for retrotransposon silencing and mammalian development. Catalyzes the...
Reference: GRP65
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF1) is a transcription factor found in mammalian cells cultured under reduced oxygen tension that plays an essential role in cellular and systemic homeostatic responses to hypoxia. HIF1...
Reference: GRP66
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This gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that plays an important role in embryonic development. The encoded protein forms both homodimers and heterodimers that bind to DNA E box sequences...
Reference: GRP67
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Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer,...
Reference: GRP68
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This gene is a classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is a calcium dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and...
Reference: GRP69
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The product of this gene is a subunit of neuronal microtubule-associated MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. Studies on the rat homolog implicate a role...
Reference: GRP70
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The protein encoded by this gene belongs the PI3/PI4-kinase family, and is most closely related to ATM, a protein kinase encoded by the gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia. This protein and ATM share similarity with...
Reference: GRP71
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The serine-threonine protein kinase encoded by the AKT1 gene is catalytically inactive in serum-starved primary and immortalized fibroblasts. AKT1 and the related AKT2 are activated by platelet-derived growth factor....
Reference: GRP72
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Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration,...
Reference: GRP73
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Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. Nitric oxide is synthesized from L-arginine by...
Reference: GRP74
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. Although it is similar to other receptor tyrosine kinases, this protein represents a unique structure of the extracellular region...
Reference: GRP75
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Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions.
Reference: GRP76
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This gene encodes a protein possessing an RNA helicase motif containing a DEXH box in its amino terminus and an RNA motif in the carboxy terminus. The encoded protein functions as a ribonuclease and is required by the...
Reference: GRP78
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Dioxygenase that specifically binds methylcytosine (5mC), a minor base in mammalian DNA found in repetitive DNA elements that is crucial for retrotransposon silencing and mammalian development. Catalyzes the...
Reference: GRP79
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Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer,...
Reference: GRP80
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This gene encodes a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activity of cyclin-CDK2 or -CDK4 complexes, and thus functions as a regulator of cell cycle progression at...
Reference: GRP81
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The product of this gene is a subunit of neuronal microtubule-associated MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. Studies on the rat homolog implicate a role...
Reference: GRP82
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Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a member of the CA family of zinc-binding enzymes that catalyze a reversible conversion between carbon dioxide and carbonic acid, in a reaction that involves facilitated hydration of...
Reference: GRP83
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The ATM antibody, clone 2C1, recognizes full-length ATM, a 370kDa nuclear phosphoprotein, which is involved in the autosomal recessive disease ataxia telangiectasia (AT). ATM belongs to a novel family of proteins...
Reference: GRP84
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Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) and Rad3-related (ATR) protein is a member of the phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) like family of protein kinases. ATR has a predicted molecular mass of approximately...
Reference: GRP85
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BRCA1-17F8 recognizes full-length BRCA1, a 220kDa nuclear phosphoprotein, and does not recognize the Aexon 11 splice variant. In a high proportion of breast and ovarian cancer cell lines, BRCA1 aberrantly mislocates...
Reference: GRP86
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BRCA1-6B4 recognizes full length BRCA1, a 220kDa nuclear phosphoprotein, and does not recognize the exon 11 splice variant. Mutations in this tumor suppressor gene greatly increase the risk of breast cancer. In a...
Reference: GRP87
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The human ER-beta is a newly discovered estrogen receptor initially cloned and characterized from testis. The size and structure of ER-beta is very similar to ER-alpha with the ligand and DNA binding domains being...
Reference: GRP88
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Mre11 is an 80 kDa protein that acts as a Mn+2 dependent double stranded DNA 3' to 5' exonuclease and a single stranded DNA endonuclease. It is part of a larger complex with Rad50, p95 (Nibrin) and possibly other...
Reference: GRP89
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RAD50 is an essential gene for all cell types and the expression does not vary during cell cycle. It is an excellent loading control at the high molecular weight position (150KD), complementing GAPDH, beta-Actin and...
Reference: GRP90
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Rad51, a 37 kDa protein, is the human homologue of E. coli RecA protein and a member of the RAD52 epistasis group in S. cerevisiae. In recent studies it has been reported that BRCA1 interacts with Rad51 and...
Reference: GRP91
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P53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) plays a critical role in tumor suppression and is a putative substrate of ATM kinase. Upon DNA damage, it is phosphorylated and relocalizes to the presumptive sites of damage,...
Reference: GRP92
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This gene encodes beta-2-adrenergic receptor which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. This receptor is directly associated with one of its ultimate effectors, the class C L-type calcium channel...
Reference: GRP93
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This gene is induced by cytokines and interferon. Its protein product is thought to be involved in negative regulation of growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, which contributes to the anti-inflammatory response to...
Reference: GRP94
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Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron,...
Reference: GRP95
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The protein encoded by this gene is similar to insulin in function and structure and is a member of a family of proteins involved in mediating growth and development. The encoded protein is processed from a precursor,...
Reference: GRP96
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HIV-1, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), contains an RNA genome that produces a chromosomally integrated DNA during the replicative cycle. Activation of HIV-1 gene expression by the...
Reference: GRP97
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This gene encodes one of the major intermediate filament proteins of mature astrocytes. It is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Mutations in this gene cause...
Reference: GRP98
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Synaptophysin (p38) is an integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles in brain and endocrine cells.[supplied by OMIM]
Reference: GRP99
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This gene encodes the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) whose transcript undergoes complex, regulated alternative splicing, giving rise to several mRNA species. MAPT transcripts are differentially expressed in...
Reference: GRP100
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The protein encoded by this gene is a member of a family that includes putative ATP-binding proteins involved in vesicle transport and fusion, 26S proteasome function, and assembly of peroxisomes. This protein, as a...
Reference: GRP101
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This gene encodes a lysosomal membrane protein that cleaves the beta-glucosidic linkage of glycosylceramide, an intermediate in glycolipid metabolism. Mutations in this gene cause Gaucher disease, a lysosomal storage...

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